Thomas Brodie-Sangster (“Pistol,” “The Queen’s Gambit”), David Thewlis (“Fargo,” “Naked”) and Australia’s Maia Mitchell (“Good Trouble,” “The Fosters”) head the cast of “The Artful Dodger,” an Australian series for Disney+ that is now beginning production. The series explores the adult double life of Charles Dickens’ famous prince of thieves, Dodger,…